The headspace that you measure (with the gauges) is the relationship of the bolt to the barrel extension, closed on a chambered round (casing). The extension is sized and mounted on the barrel to acheive the proper headspace. After that, the mounting pin is emplaced, and the gas port drilled, so everything is centered up. After MUCH use, headspace increases, up to the point that the weapon fails the check on the Field gauge. It's armorer-time after that. Reaming the chamber can't fix that. Headspace gauges are about $30 each, and for new builds you'll need the Go and No Go gauges. For in-service weapons that have a pretty decent round-count on them, if they close the bolt on the No Go gauge, you'll need to purchase a Field gauge to be sure the weapon can/should be safely fired again. At any time, if a weapon closes the bolt on the Field gauge, don't fire it. There's a fella on AR15.com (username Cabinetman) that is lending out a full set of .308 gauges, just for the asking. If you're interested in that, the thread is in the "Varients" section, titled "Offer to any .308/7.62x51 owner," or similar to that. He sent me the gauges to use last March (?) and I sent them on to the next guy on the list. They've been going ever since. Free use, if you've got the time to wait for your name to come up on the list. <thumbsup>